Apparatus for making paper



Jan. 27,1942.

J V v V I J. A. SPENCER 1 2,271,351 APPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER-- I Filed A ril 12, 1940 paratus for making paper j Patented Jan. 27,

APPARATUS ron MAKING PArna John A. Spencer, South Hadley Falls, Mass, as.- signor to Spencer Specialties Inc., South Hadley Falls, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts Application April 12,1940, Serial No. 329,341

6 Claims. (Cl. 92-4ai often necessary to limit to a speed which will best accommodate the un- This'invention relates to improvements in apand is directed more particularly to the operation of the dandy roll of a paper-making machine for producing new and novel effects.

The principal objects of the invention are directed to'the provision of apparatus formaking' paper wherein the dandy roll of a paper making machine is positively drivenfrom some rotating element of the said machine whereby the dandy roll rotates in such a way that the surface speed thereof bears some predetermined relationship to the surface speed of the paper-making element such as the Fourdrinier wire. It is thereby possible to obtain the desired formation of the paperv and water-marking thereof and obtain improved results. r Y

According to prior practice in the paper-making art the dandy roll has been mounted at its ends over the Fourdrinier wire for free rotation so that it rests on, and is driven by, the paper being formed on the wire.

The prior practices have numerous and serious objections and disadvantages, more particularly in that the speed of the dandy tends to lag to some extent. relative to that of the Fourdrinier wire due to slippage.

Because of this the formation of the paper is not as uniform and perfect as is desired and where watermarking or other devices are used on the dandy to watermark the paper or apply designs thereto, the results are considerably blurred and indistinct. Also the speed of the papermachine or the Fourdrinier wire is necessarily reduced or its speed is limited by the ability of the wire and paper being formed todrlve the According to this invention, positively driven or rotatedfrom some positively up of a wave or mound ahead of the speed of the wire desirable conditions. I the dandy roll is driven rotating element of the paper machine so that its surface speed may bear a predetermined relation to that of the wire, thereby. eliminating the lag or slippage? referred to and the building the dandy thereby greatly improving the formation of the, paper as well as providing distinct non-blurred and clear effects of the dandy. Even if the dandy were to be driven frictlonally from means other than the paper stock on the wire there is, in the prior art practice, the lag and objectional results.

Preferably, according to this inventiomthe surface speed of the dandy roll will be definitely related to, andslightly greater than. that of the wire as distinguished from the relatively less and non-uniform dandy speed of the prior art. To accomplish this; means is provided to drive the dandy at some predetermined speed relative to that of the wire, which speed is varied in synchronism with variations or an increase or decrease-in the speed of the wire, all to the endthat the dandy operates at all times at a speed having And as a further feature of the invention, the

relation of speeds of the dandy and wire maybe varied to alter that of the dandy as may be dedandy. Not only does the lag increase as the wire speed increases but the speed of the wire is limited to the point where itis possible to obtain any results from the dandy.

Further, because the usual dandy is rotated by reason of its contact with the paper being formed on the wire and is not positively driven so as to causethe lag or slippage, a mound or wave of water and paper-making flbers'builds up ahead of the dandy. There is, in eifect,'an excess of water and fibers ahead of the dandy because the dandy operates somewhat after the manner of dam against .the paper-making material being carried along by the' wire.

sired, although I have found that it is desirable that the speed of the roll be from, say, I%% to 3 or 4% greater than that of the'wire.

Various other. novel objects and advantages of the invention will be observed from the following description of the preferred form thereof, reference beinghad to the ,accompanying drawing,

wherein: i

Fig. l is a'side elevational view, more or less* vention associated therewith. Y Fig. 2 is a plan view of that portion of a paper- A making machine shown in Fig. l;

.The excess water ahead of the dandy is not taken away and-the formation of the paper and Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of one of the 5 0 dandy roll stands; and

Fig. 4 is a plan view ofan end of the dandy roll shaft and a coupling means associated with said shaft connecting the same to a dandy roll drive shaft; 1 I

Referring now :to the drawing more in detail, the invention will be fully described.

Supports 2 and 4 are shown in Fig. 1 which represent the supports usually at the near side of the machine. There are similar supports at the far side, and said supports are usually tied together in some convenient manner. The supports 2 and 4 support a side rail 6 and a similar rail 8 is supported at the far side of the machine by the supports which correspond to the supports 2 couch roll l8 and said shaft is operatively connected with the shafts of other units of the machine.

According to the invention, the dandy roll is driven from some rotating element of the machine which rotates in synchronism with the Fou'rdrinier wire. In the case shown, the dandy roll is driven positively by said shaft l8, as will be described. g

It has been found to be desirable in some cases to drive the dandy from the shaft l8 although some other rotating element of the machine may be used for the purpose with equal results.

The Fourdrinier wire represented by W passes over the couch roll as usual and runs along beneath theside rails 6 and 8, it being supported in the usual manner by rolls thereunder, although not shown. As usual. suction boxes will be located for their usualfunction beneath the wire although they are not shown as an important part of the present invention.

A dandy roll is represented by 38 and it is obvious that it may be of various forms and sizes or diameters depending upon the results to be obtained. As usual the dandy roll has journal Such a unit as has beenused for the successful practice of .the invention is a P. I. V. unit marketed by Link Belt Company, of Chicago, Illinois, and shown in'its catalogue, Book No. 1574, 1939 edition at pages 21-22 and title P. I. V. Gear. I

Sprockets 88 and I2 fixed on shafts l6 and 62 are operatively and positively connected by a chain 18. A cross-shaft l4 Journalledin bearings 16 carried by supports such as 4 is connected to shaft 64 by means of the sprockets and chain 18, 88, and 82. v

A speed reducing unit is indicated by 84 and is for convenience carried by rail 8,. Said unit has input and output shafts 88 and 81 which carry intermeshing gears 88 and 88. Sprockets 88, 8| fixed on shafts I4 and 88 and a chain 93 positively connect said shaft I4 with the reducer 84.

An overriding clutch 88 is carried by shaft 81 and a sprocket 92 associated therewith is connected positively by a chain 84 to a sprocket 86 on a dandy roll drive shaft 88. The shaft 98 is rotatable and slightly reciprocable in a bearing construction I88.

The said bearing is slidable'up and down in a bracket I82 that has a part I84 slidable hori-. zontally in a support I86 secured to rail 6. A

' half-coupling or clutch part I88 is carried by shafts 32 and 34 and these are received for rotation in dandy stands carried by the rails 6 and 8 and indicated generally by 86.

The stands include upstanding members '88 on which are slidable brackets 48 having bearings 42 for the' dandy roll journals. Members 44 on the uprights 38 have journalled therein a crossshaft 48 and carry'gears 52. Gears 48 on the upper ends of threaded rods 58 which are rotatable in the members 44 are in mesh with the gears 52 while an operating member 54 is provided on shaft 48.

The lower ends of rods 58 threadedly engage the members 48 and as shaft 46 is rotated in one direction or the other the dandy roll is moved up or down, or is adjusted relative to the wire. It will be noted that the dandy is supported for rotation, or so that it may operate on the papermaking material on the wire in the way intended.

In the form of the invention being disclosed the shaft I 6 as previously pointed out provides the motive power for driving the dandy roll and it will be obvious. that the shaft or any other element used for driving the dandy roll which operates in synchronism with the wire will varyin speed accordingly as the speed of the wire varies. I I

'A variable speed unit is represented by 68. This will be a devicehaving an input shaft 82 and an output shaft 84 with connecting mecha- .nism to operate shaft 84 at some speed relative to that at which shaft 82 is driven. The mechanism is variable to vary the relative speeds of said shaftsand an operating member 88 is provided whereby the varying or adjusting of said speeds is accomplished.

to alignthe dandy roll'drive shaft or accommodate the same to the dandy journal 34. Also the drive shaft 98 may be moved in and out to engage and disengage the dandy journal.

From the foregoing it will be observed that the dandy is mounted for rotation independently of the dandy drive "shaft yet the said shaft and dandy are connected so that the tively rotated.

The clutch 88 referred to provides apositive drive for the dandy in a clockwise direction in the illustration shown yet in the event the driving mechanism fails it allows the dandy to be driven by the wire or paper web thereon and avoids the possibility of the dandy destroying the web of paper. as 88 may take various forms and include interengag'lng pawis and sprockets, wedge rollers, or the like. 1

In the operation of the apparatus as shaft ll rotates the unit 88 is operated to drive shaft 14 which intum by means of the connections and It will be observed that the dandy is positively driven from an element which operates in unison or insynchronism with the wire, so that. as the speed of the wire increases or decreases that of the dandy likewiseincreases or decreases all to the end flratthe dandy is maintained at'a desired speed'relative to that of the wire.

While I have described detail and with respect to the present preferred form thereof, it is not desired to be limited thereto since changes and modifications may be made therein without. departing from the spirit and dandy is posi- Such a clutch or free wheeling device the invention in great Q scope of the invention. The invention may be embodied inother Specific forms without departing from the essential characteristics thereof The present embodiments are therefore'to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of'equivalency of th claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

What it is desired to claim and secure by Let- I ters Patent of the United States is:

1. The combination in a paper making machine of, a traveling foraminous element, means for moving the same including a rotatable member rotatable in synchronism therewith, a dandy s'urface speed thereof that bears a predetermined relation to that of said wire.

2. The combination in a paper making machine of; a traveling foraminous element,'means for moving the same including a rotatable member rotatable in synchronism therewith, a dandy roll for acting on paper being formed on said element having a shaft, means for rotatably supporting said dandy shaft, means for rotatably supporting a dandy drive shaft independently of the dandy and in substantial alignment with the shaft of the-dandy, a dandy drive shaft rotatable therein, di'sengageable coupling means for connecting said shaft and dandy, and positive driving connections between said rotatable member and drive shaft whereby said dandy is positively driven to provide a surface speed thereof I that bears a predetermined relation to that of said foraminous element, said connections including a unit provided with input and output shafts interconnected by variablemeans to vary the relative speeds thereof of the foraminous element and dandy.

3. The combination in a Fourdrinier paper machine of, a traveling wire, means for driving the wire including a rotatable member operable in synchronism with the wire at all of its speeds, a

dandy roll having a shaft, dandy bearings at opposite sides of the machine for rotatably supporting opposite ends of the dandy shaft'with said dandy bearing on a web on said wire, a drive shaft bearing for rotatably supporting a dandy. drive shaft in alignment with said dandy shaft, a

dandy drive shaft rotatable in said bearing,'disengageable connections associated with said wire including a rotatable member operable in synchronism withthe wire at all of its speeds, a dandy roll having a shaft, dandy bearings at opposite sides of the machine for rotatably sup- I porting opposite ends of the dandy shaft with said dandy bearing on a web on said wire, adrive shaft bearing for rotatably supporting a dandy drive shaft in substantial alignment withsaid dandy 'shaft, a dandy drive shaft rotatable ,in said heating, disengageable driving connections associated with said dandy and driveshafts, and positively operable connections connecting said rotatable member and dandy drive shaft for positively driving the latter from the former wherebythe dandy is driven at a predetermined surface speedand in synchronism with that ofthe wire at all speeds of the said wire, said driving 'connections including a variable speed unithaving input and output shafts interconnected by variable'speed means whereby the speed of the dandy relative to the wire whilein synchronism maybe varied and an overrunning clutch mechanism whereby said dandy roll is free to rotate in onedirection independently of said drive shaft.

The combination in a Fourdrinier paper machine of, a traveling wire, means for driving the wire including a rotatable member operable in synchronism with thewire at all of its speeds,

a dandy roll having a shaft, dandy bearings at opposite sides of the machine for rotatably supportingopposite ends of the dandy shaft with said dandy bearing on a web on said wire, a drive shaft bearing for rotatably supporting a. dandy drive shaft independently of and in alignment with said dandy shaft, a dandy drive shaft rotatable in saidbearing, disengageable driving connections associated with said dandy'and drive shafts, andpositively operable connections connecting said rotatable member and dandy drive I shaft for positively driving the latter from the I former whereby the dandy is driven at a predetermined surface speed, and in synchronism with that of the wire at all speeds of the said wire, the said dandy bearings and drive shaft bearing being independently adjustable whereby said drive and dandy shafts-may be rotatably supported in various relative positions.

, v 6. The combination-in a Fourdrinier paper machine of, a traveling wire, means for driving the wire including a rotatable member operable in synchronism with the wire at all of its speeds, a

dandy roll having a shaft, dandy bearings at opposit sides of the machine for rotatably supporte dandy and drive shafts permitting up and down I movements of the dandy relative to, the drive shaft, and positively operable connections connecting said rotatablemember and dandy drive shaft for positively'drivin'g the latter from the former whereby the dandy is driven at a predetermined surface speed and in synchronism with that of the wire at all speeds of the said wire.

4. The combinationin a Ipurdrinier paper machineof, a traveling wire; means-for drivins the ing opposite ends of the dandy shaft with said dandy bearing on a web on said wire, a drive shaft bearing for rotatably supporting a dandy drive shaftin alignment with said dandy shaft, a dandy drive shaft rotatable in said bearing,

disengageable driving connections associated with said dandy and drive shafts, and positively operable connections connecting said rotatable member and dandy drive shaft for positively driving the latter from the former whereby the dandyis driven'at a predetermined surface speed and in synchronism with that of the wire at all speeds of the said wire, the said dandy bearings and drive shaft'bearings being independently adjustable whereby said drive and dandy shafts may be rotatably supported in variousrelative positions, said dandy roli'drive shaft being axially. movable to engage and disengage the connections associated with the dandy and drive shafts.

Joan A. seasons. 

